Chủ Nhật, 9 tháng 12, 2012
Thứ Bảy, 8 tháng 12, 2012
Semantics
SEMANTICS
Đề thi 27/05/2012 (150 minutes)
Part I Semantics
1.
What semantic
feature(s) do the words in each group share ?
a.
ice
cream, avocado, soup, corn, beef
b.
tigress,
doe, girl, actress, debutante
c.
man,
woman, mare, bull, ewe
d.
poodle,
Alsatian, Labrador, collie, dachshund
2.
Finish each of
the following sentences in such a way that is an entailment of the sentence
printed before it. (=> is used to show one-way entailment and ó to show two way entailment).
a.
Mama
Bear is in front of Papa Bear.
ó Papa Bear
is…………………………………
b.
Jim
borrowed abike from Ted.
ó Ted ……………….
c.
My
brother repaired my car.
ð My brother
repaired……………..
d.
Margaret
is thin.
ð Margaret
is………………………..
3.
Identify the
sentence as analytic (A), synthetic (S), or contradictory (C)
People who run move
their bodies.
4.
Write down one
IMPLICATURE that can be drawn from the second speaker’s response in the
following exchange.
Professor 1: Is Tom a
good student ?
Professor 2: He has
beautiful handwriting and is neatly dressed.
5.
Point out the
deictic word(s) in the following utterance and state where the speaker is or is
not.
“Mary, I’d like to invite you to come up the stage.’
6.
Identify one
sincerity condition that must be satisfied for the following utterance to be
appropriate.
“Please open your
mouth.”
Part 2. Writing (4 marks)
Write an essay of 250-300 words on ONE of the
following topics
1.
What
are the effects of passive smoking ?
2.
Face-to-face
communication is better than other types of communication, such as letters,
emails, or tellephone calls. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use
specific reasons and details to support your answer.
Giải Đề thi 27/05/2012 (150 minutes)
Part I Semantics
1.What
semantic feature(s) do the words in each group share ?
a.
ice
cream, avocado, soup, corn, beef
They share
:[- animate], [+food]
b.
tigress,
doe, girl, actress, debutante
They share
:[+ animate], [+female]
c.
man,
woman, mare, bull, ewe
They share
:[+ animate]
d.
poodle,
Alsatian, Labrador, collie, dachshund
They share
:[+ animate], [+ kinds of dog]
2.Finish
each of the following sentences in such a way that is an entailment of the
sentence printed before it. (=> is used to show one-way entailment and ó
to show two way entailment).
a.
Mama
Bear is in front of Papa Bear.
ó Papa Bear is in behind Mama Bear.
b.
Jim
borrowed abike from Ted.
ó Ted lent a bike to Jim.
c.
My
brother repaired my car.
ð My brother
repaired my vehicle.
d.
Margaret
is thin.
ð Margaret is a woman/girl.
3.
Identify the
sentence as analytic (A), synthetic (S), or contradictory (C)
People
who run move their bodies.
=> This
is an analytic sentence. (A)
4.
Write down one
IMPLICATURE that can be drawn from the second speaker’s response in the
following exchange.
Professor
1: Is Tom a good student ?
Professor
2: He has beautiful handwriting and is neatly dressed.
=>
Professor 2’s utterance implies “Yes” or The second speaker’s response may
implicate that Tom is a good student.
5.
Point out the
deictic word(s) in the following utterance and state where the speaker is or is
not.
“Mary, I’d like to invite you to come
up the stage.’
=> Deictic word(s): Person: I, you
Place:
the stage
Time:
simple present (would like)
6.
Identify one
sincerity condition that must be satisfied for the following utterance to be
appropriate.
“Please open your
mouth.”
ð The
speaker actually wants the hearer to open his/her mouth.
ð The
speaker has ability to do the act. It is felicitous. It is a sincerity
condition.
Đề thi 09/12/2012 (150 minutes)
Part I Semantics
1. Identify the homonyms, homophones and homographs in each of the following sentences.
a. I won’t shed a tear if you tear my old shirt into shreds.
b. We must raze the old buildings before the sun’s rays can raise the temperature.
c. If the judges are fair, our rabbit will win a rubborn at the fair.
d. I found it hard to believe that he planned to found a new church.
2. What are the semantic features of the following words ?
a. Man
b. Girl
c. Mother
d. Mare
3. Identify the word(s) used figuratively, name the figure of speech and provide its meaning.
That club is blossoming now.
4. Identify the presupposition(s) in the following sentence.
The actress described the photographs of her as an invasion of privacy.
5. In the follwing conversation, what maxim(s) of conversation does B not follow ? Is B cooperative ?
A: “ Is Peter a good cook ?”
B: “ He’s a nice guy.”
6. What illocutionary act might the utterance “ It’s hot in here” in the following conversation perform ? What type of speech act is it ? Is it a direct or indirect speech act ? Is there a performative verb? If there is, what is it ?
A: “ It’s hot in here.”
B: “Let me open the window.”
A: “ Thank you”
Part 2: Writing
Write an essay of 250-300 words on one of the following topics
1. Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with ? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
2. What do you think is the “ vicious circle” effect of the air-conditioners ?
Part I Semantics
1. Identify the homonyms, homophones and homographs in each of the following sentences.
a. I won’t shed a tear if you tear my old shirt into shreds.
b. We must raze the old buildings before the sun’s rays can raise the temperature.
c. If the judges are fair, our rabbit will win a rubborn at the fair.
d. I found it hard to believe that he planned to found a new church.
2. What are the semantic features of the following words ?
a. Man
b. Girl
c. Mother
d. Mare
3. Identify the word(s) used figuratively, name the figure of speech and provide its meaning.
That club is blossoming now.
4. Identify the presupposition(s) in the following sentence.
The actress described the photographs of her as an invasion of privacy.
5. In the follwing conversation, what maxim(s) of conversation does B not follow ? Is B cooperative ?
A: “ Is Peter a good cook ?”
B: “ He’s a nice guy.”
6. What illocutionary act might the utterance “ It’s hot in here” in the following conversation perform ? What type of speech act is it ? Is it a direct or indirect speech act ? Is there a performative verb? If there is, what is it ?
A: “ It’s hot in here.”
B: “Let me open the window.”
A: “ Thank you”
Part 2: Writing
Write an essay of 250-300 words on one of the following topics
1. Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with ? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
2. What do you think is the “ vicious circle” effect of the air-conditioners ?
Giải Đề thi 09/12/2012 (150 minutes)
Part I Semantics
1. Identify the homonyms, homophones and homographs in each of the following sentences.
a. I won’t shed a tear if you tear my old shirt into shreds.
The noun “tear” which means “A drop of the clear salty liquid that is secreted by the lachrymal gland of the eye”, and the verb “tear”, which means “someone separates or pulls something into pieces”, are two homonyms.
Or
“tear” in (to shed a tear) and “tear” in (to tear my old shirt) are homonyms.
b. We must raze the old buildings before the sun’s rays can raise the temperature.
“Raze” /reiz/ (to destroy/demolish a town, buildings, …. completely) and “rays” /reiz/ (a narrow beam of light; gleam), and “raise” /reiz/ (to increase in intensity, degree) are three homoyms or homophones.
Or
“raze” in ( to raze the old buildings), and “ rays” in ( the sun’s rays), and “raise” in ( to raise the temperature) are homophones.
c. If the judges are fair, our rabbit will win a rubborn at the fair.
Fair” (adj) (lawful to hunt or attack = fair game ), and “fair” (a market or A gathering held at a specified time and place for the buying and selling of goods) are two homonyms
Or
“Fair” in ( to be fair) and “fair” in (at the fair) are homonyms.
d. I found it hard to believe that he planned to found a new church.
“found” (to build or to set up) and “found” (past tense of “find”) are two homonyms.
2. What are the semantic features of the following words ?
a. man
“man” may have the following semantic features: [+human], [+male / -female], [+mature / -immature]
b. girl
“girl” may have the following semantic features: [+human], [+female], [-mature / +young / +immature], [+innocent]
c. mother
“mother” may have the following semantic features: [+human], [+female], [+mature / -young / -immature], [+maternal]
d. mare
“mare” may have the following semantic features: [+animate], [+horse], [+female], [+fully grown]
3. Identify the word(s) used figuratively, name the figure of speech and provide its meaning.
That club is blossoming now.
“Blossoming now” is a metaphor which means “the club with a growing membership” The sentence means “that club has a large membership now, and it will be larger in the future”
4. Identify the presupposition(s) in the following sentence.
The actress described the photographs of her as an invasion of privacy.
The utterance presupposes that there is an actress
or
The speaker assumes that the hearer already knows who the actress is and what the photographs are.
5. In the follwing conversation, what maxim(s) of conversation does B not follow ? Is B cooperative ?
A: “ Is Peter a good cook ?”
B: “ He’s a nice guy.”
The maxim of RELEVANCE : what we say should be relevant.
B’s utterance may implicate that Peter is a good cook. B provides some information about Peter for A. A can deduce Peter is a goog cook.
6. What illocutionary act might the utterance “ It’s hot in here” in the following conversation perform ? What type of speech act is it ? Is it a direct or indirect speech act ? Is there a performative verb? If there is, what is it ?
A: “ It’s hot in here.”
B: “Let me open the window.”
A: “ Thank you”
The illocution of the utterance is A’s using the utterance to ask B for opening the window.
Type of speech act : It is the directive.(requesting)
It is an indirect speech act because A utters the sentence which does not mean exactly what A says. A does not use the word “requesting” to ask B for opening the window, so it is not a performative verb there.
Part I Semantics
1. Identify the homonyms, homophones and homographs in each of the following sentences.
a. I won’t shed a tear if you tear my old shirt into shreds.
The noun “tear” which means “A drop of the clear salty liquid that is secreted by the lachrymal gland of the eye”, and the verb “tear”, which means “someone separates or pulls something into pieces”, are two homonyms.
Or
“tear” in (to shed a tear) and “tear” in (to tear my old shirt) are homonyms.
b. We must raze the old buildings before the sun’s rays can raise the temperature.
“Raze” /reiz/ (to destroy/demolish a town, buildings, …. completely) and “rays” /reiz/ (a narrow beam of light; gleam), and “raise” /reiz/ (to increase in intensity, degree) are three homoyms or homophones.
Or
“raze” in ( to raze the old buildings), and “ rays” in ( the sun’s rays), and “raise” in ( to raise the temperature) are homophones.
c. If the judges are fair, our rabbit will win a rubborn at the fair.
Fair” (adj) (lawful to hunt or attack = fair game ), and “fair” (a market or A gathering held at a specified time and place for the buying and selling of goods) are two homonyms
Or
“Fair” in ( to be fair) and “fair” in (at the fair) are homonyms.
d. I found it hard to believe that he planned to found a new church.
“found” (to build or to set up) and “found” (past tense of “find”) are two homonyms.
2. What are the semantic features of the following words ?
a. man
“man” may have the following semantic features: [+human], [+male / -female], [+mature / -immature]
b. girl
“girl” may have the following semantic features: [+human], [+female], [-mature / +young / +immature], [+innocent]
c. mother
“mother” may have the following semantic features: [+human], [+female], [+mature / -young / -immature], [+maternal]
d. mare
“mare” may have the following semantic features: [+animate], [+horse], [+female], [+fully grown]
3. Identify the word(s) used figuratively, name the figure of speech and provide its meaning.
That club is blossoming now.
“Blossoming now” is a metaphor which means “the club with a growing membership” The sentence means “that club has a large membership now, and it will be larger in the future”
4. Identify the presupposition(s) in the following sentence.
The actress described the photographs of her as an invasion of privacy.
The utterance presupposes that there is an actress
or
The speaker assumes that the hearer already knows who the actress is and what the photographs are.
5. In the follwing conversation, what maxim(s) of conversation does B not follow ? Is B cooperative ?
A: “ Is Peter a good cook ?”
B: “ He’s a nice guy.”
The maxim of RELEVANCE : what we say should be relevant.
B’s utterance may implicate that Peter is a good cook. B provides some information about Peter for A. A can deduce Peter is a goog cook.
6. What illocutionary act might the utterance “ It’s hot in here” in the following conversation perform ? What type of speech act is it ? Is it a direct or indirect speech act ? Is there a performative verb? If there is, what is it ?
A: “ It’s hot in here.”
B: “Let me open the window.”
A: “ Thank you”
The illocution of the utterance is A’s using the utterance to ask B for opening the window.
Type of speech act : It is the directive.(requesting)
It is an indirect speech act because A utters the sentence which does not mean exactly what A says. A does not use the word “requesting” to ask B for opening the window, so it is not a performative verb there.
Graduation
Examination in Linguistics -------March 17, 1013 at USSH
Duration: 150 minutes
Part 1: English Semantics
1. If a woman says she has 3 children, while in fact she has 5, what maxim(s) of conversation does she break ? I she cooperative ?
2. Identify one felicity condition that must be sastisfied for the following utterance to be appropriate.
" I fne you 200 dollars for dangerous driving."
3. Identiy the sense relations between the words in each of the following pairs. If the words are antonyms, specify what kind of antonyms they are.
a. ravage - destroy
b. present - absent
c. cat - kitten
d. mango - banana
4. Finish each of the follwing sentences in such a way that it is an entailment of the sentence printed before it. ( => is used to show one-way entailment and <=> to show two-way entailment)
a. <=> The blimp was over the house.
<=> The house...............
b. Tom sold a computer to Mark.
<=> Mark............
c. John killed Bill.
=> Bill.............
d. Annie baked a cake.
=> Annie........
5. Identify the word(s) used figuratively, name the figure of speech and provide its meaning.
I can't get the pump back on because this bolt is being uncooperative
6. Write down one IMPLICATURE that can be drawn from the second speaker's response in the following exchange.
A: Do you know where Billy Bob is ?
B: Well, he didn't meet me for lunch as he was supposed to.
Part 2. Writing
Write an essay of 250 - 300 words on One of the following topics
1. Which is more important to you: your career or your family happiness ? Explain.
2. " When people succeed , it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success." Has your personal success come more from hard work or from luck ? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
Duration: 150 minutes
Part 1: English Semantics
1. If a woman says she has 3 children, while in fact she has 5, what maxim(s) of conversation does she break ? I she cooperative ?
2. Identify one felicity condition that must be sastisfied for the following utterance to be appropriate.
" I fne you 200 dollars for dangerous driving."
3. Identiy the sense relations between the words in each of the following pairs. If the words are antonyms, specify what kind of antonyms they are.
a. ravage - destroy
b. present - absent
c. cat - kitten
d. mango - banana
4. Finish each of the follwing sentences in such a way that it is an entailment of the sentence printed before it. ( => is used to show one-way entailment and <=> to show two-way entailment)
a. <=> The blimp was over the house.
<=> The house...............
b. Tom sold a computer to Mark.
<=> Mark............
c. John killed Bill.
=> Bill.............
d. Annie baked a cake.
=> Annie........
5. Identify the word(s) used figuratively, name the figure of speech and provide its meaning.
I can't get the pump back on because this bolt is being uncooperative
6. Write down one IMPLICATURE that can be drawn from the second speaker's response in the following exchange.
A: Do you know where Billy Bob is ?
B: Well, he didn't meet me for lunch as he was supposed to.
Part 2. Writing
Write an essay of 250 - 300 words on One of the following topics
1. Which is more important to you: your career or your family happiness ? Explain.
2. " When people succeed , it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success." Has your personal success come more from hard work or from luck ? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
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